100 REM 'CCDZ.BAS' COMPUTES TELESCOPE PARAMETERS & OPTICAL ABERRATIONS IN 110 REM PARABOLIC MIRRORS. ORIGINAL PROGRAM BY R. B. MINTON 1-2-80 FOR OSI 120 REM SUPERBOARD COMPUTER. . . . . . CCD OPTIONS + MORE ADDED 08-24-2004. 130 DEF FNA(X)=INT(X*100+.5)/100: REM ROUNDOFF TO 2 DECIMAL PLACES 140 DEF FNB(X)=INT(X*1000+.5)/1000: REM ROUNDOFF TO 3 DECIMAL PLACES 150 DEF FNC(X)=INT(X*10000+.5)/10000: REM ROUNDOFF TO 4 DECIMAL PLACES 160 PI=3.14159265#: Q=180: K=(Q/PI)*3600: CLS 170 B1$="Program 'CCDZ.BAS' computes spherical aberration and astigmatism " 180 B2$="for a Newtonian telescope with a parabolic mirror. It also com- " 190 B3$="putes axial spherical aberration for an equivalent size and f/no. " 200 B4$="mirror that is spherical. (This tells the observer if his optics " 210 B5$="are a good match to his CCD or film camera - and visual observing)" 220 B6$="The program lists twelve or so optical instruments (telescopes and" 230 B7$="cameras), and a dozen or so types of CCD's. The user can edit the" 240 B8$="types as needed - change 'N' the dimension variable & the list #. " 250 B9$="(Thus the observer can compare many CCD's in 1 optical system) " 260 C1$="The user can also add a Barlow or reducer. Do this to only see " 270 C2$="the resulting change in image scale and field widths. The user " 280 C3$="should ignore the larger or smaller aberrations resulting from " 290 C4$="this 'virtual' change in the primary mirror's effective focal " 300 C5$="length. It is beyond the scope of this program to compute or ray " 310 C6$="trace the effects of supplementary optics. " 320 C7$=" " 330 C8$="The following is a list of pre-defined telescope and camera types:" 340 C9$=" . . . . . . . . Please use UPPERCASE in response to all questions" 350 PRINT B1$:PRINT B2$:PRINT B3$:PRINT B4$:PRINT B5$:PRINT:PRINT B6$ 360 PRINT B7$:PRINT B8$:PRINT B9$:PRINT:PRINT C1$:PRINT C2$:PRINT C3$ 370 PRINT C4$:PRINT C5$:PRINT C6$:PRINT C7$:PRINT C8$:PRINT C9$ 380 PRINT: INPUT"ENTER TO CONTINUE: ",ANS$:CLS 390 N=13: REM NUMBER OF PRE-DEFINED TELESCOPE OR CAMERA TYPES 400 DIM A(N),FO(N),FL(N),EF(N),A$(N),T$(N),S$(N),EY$(N),TT$(N),KN(N) 410 REM EFM=EYEPIECE FL(MM), ET=EYEPIECE TYPE, TT=TELESCOPE TYPE 420 REM APERTURE: F/NO: FL/IN: EFM: ET: NAME - - - - - - - - - - -> 430 DATA 000.350, 001.20, 0000.420, 00.0," "," 11 mm fl f/1.2 VIDEO CAM" 440 DATA 000.630, 001.50, 0000.945, 00.0," "," 24 mm fl f/1.5 VIDEO CAM" 450 DATA 001.000, 002.00, 0002.000, 00.0," "," 50 mm fl f/2.0 FILM CAM" 460 DATA 001.519, 003.50, 0005.315, 00.0," "," 135mm fl f/3.5 FILM CAM" 470 DATA 003.543, 005.60, 0019.841, 32.0,"P"," 90mm dia f/5.6 MAKSUTOV" 480 DATA 008.000, 007.80, 0062.313, 26.0,"P"," 8 in. f/7.8 CAVE NEWT" 490 DATA 008.000, 033.50, 0268.000, 32.0,"P"," 8 in. f/33 CAVE NEWT" 500 DATA 010.000, 004.00, 0040.000, 32.0,"P"," 10 in. f/4 SCHMIDT-NEWT" 510 DATA 010.000, 035.00, 0350.000, 26.0,"O"," 10 in. f/35 SCHMIDT-NEWT" 520 DATA 012.000, 010.00, 0120.000, 26.0,"E"," 12 in. f/10 NEWTONIAN" 530 DATA 013.100, 004.50, 0058.950, 26.0,"P"," 13 in. f/4.5 NEWTONIAN" 540 DATA 016.250, 004.50, 0073.125, 26.0,"P"," 16 in. f/4.5 NEWTONIAN" 550 DATA 016.250, 025.00, 0406.250, 26.0,"O"," 16 in. f/25 NEWTONIAN" 560 FOR I=1 TO N 570 READ A(I),FO(I),FL(I),EF(I),A$(I),S$(I):REM KN=EYE RELIEF FACTOR 580 IF A$(I)=" " THEN EY$(I)=" (NONE) ": KN(I)=0: GOTO 650 590 IF A$(I)="P" THEN EY$(I)=" PLOSSEL ": KN(I)=.75: GOTO 650 600 IF A$(I)="O" THEN EY$(I)=" ORTHOSCOPIC": KN(I)=.8: GOTO 650 610 IF A$(I)="S" THEN EY$(I)=" SYMMETRICAL": KN(I)=.8: GOTO 650 620 IF A$(I)="E" THEN EY$(I)=" ERFLE ": KN(I)=.35: GOTO 650 630 IF A$(I)="K" THEN EY$(I)=" KELNER ": KN(I)=.3: GOTO 650 640 IF A$(I)="R" THEN EY$(I)=" RAMSDEN ": KN(I)=.3 650 REM CONTINUE 660 NEXT I 670 T1$=" # APER. F/NO F.L. E/P FL EYE/P. TYPE SCOPE/WEB-VID-CAMERA" 680 T2$="-- ------ ------ ------- ------ ----------- --------------------" 690 F1$="## ###.## ###.## ####.## ###.# & &" 700 PRINT T1$:PRINT T2$ 710 FOR I=1 TO N 720 PRINT USING F1$;I;A(I);FO(I);FL(I);EF(I);EY$(I);S$(I) 730 NEXT I 740 PRINT:INPUT"CHOOSE A NUMBER FROM ABOVE: ";MX 750 PRINT"USING A BARLOW OR FOCAL REDUCER, OR NO SUPPLEMENTARY OPTICS ?" 760 INPUT"ENTER B (BARLOW), R (REDUCER); OR N (NONE): ";SO$ 770 IF SO$="N" THEN GOTO 820 780 INPUT"ENTER POWER FACTOR OF BARLOW OR REDUCER: ";PFAC 790 IF SO$="B" THEN FL(MX)=FL(MX)*PFAC: S$(MX)=S$(MX)+" +Bar." 800 IF SO$="R" THEN FL(MX)=FL(MX)/PFAC: S$(MX)=S$(MX)+" +Red." 810 FO(MX)=FL(MX)/A(MX): REM NEW F/NO 820 REM CONTINUE 830 PRINT"WANT TO SEE A BRIEF EXPLANATION OF IMAGE BLUR VS. CCD BLUR DISKS ?" 840 INPUT"ENTER YES OR NO (Y/N) ? ",ANS$: PRINT: IF ANS$="Y" THEN GOSUB 2530 850 EF(MX)=FNA(EF(MX)/25.4): REM EYEPIECE FL NOW IN. 860 PO=FL(MX)/EF(MX): REM POWER 870 PA=INT(PO+.5) 880 IF EF(MX)=0 THEN PA=0: REM HAVE A CAMERA 890 RD=FNB(A(MX)/PO) 900 ER=FNA((FL(MX)*EF(MX)*KN(MX))/(FL(MX)-EF(MX))): REM EYE RELIEF 910 MA=9+(5*(LOG(A(MX))/LOG(10))) 920 MA=INT(10*(MA+.05001))/10 930 DL=FNA(4.56/A(MX)): REM DAWES LIMIT (ARC-SEC) 940 DL=FNA(4.56/A(MX)): REM DAWES LIMIT (ARC-SEC) 950 SC=FNB(8120.6667#/FL(MX)): REM SCALE (ARC-SEC PER MM) 960 PF20=FNC(SC*.02): REM 20-MICRON PIXEL FOV 970 PF10=FNC(SC*.01): REM 10-MICRON PIXEL FOV 980 PF5=FNC(SC*.0056): REM 5.6-MICRON PIXEL FOV 990 NY20=FNA(DL/PF20): REM NYQUIST FACTOR 20 MU 1000 NY10=FNA(DL/PF10): REM NYQUIST FACTOR 10 MU 1010 NY5=FNA(DL/PF5): REM NYQUIST FACTOR 5 MU 1020 CLS 1030 PRINT"TELESCOPE/CAMERA = ";S$(MX) 1040 PRINT"APERTURE (in.) = ";A(MX) 1050 PRINT"MIRROR/CAMERA FOCAL LENGTH (in.) = ";FL(MX) 1060 PRINT"TELESCOPE/CAMERA F/NO. = ";FO(MX) 1070 PRINT"EYEPIECE F.L. (if applicable) (in.) = ";EF(MX) 1080 PRINT"EYEPIECE TYPE (if applicable) = ";EY$(MX) 1090 PRINT"TELESCOPE POWER (if applicable) = ";PA 1100 PRINT"EYE RELIEF (if applicable) (in.) = ";ER 1110 PRINT"RAMSDEN DISK (if applicable) (in.) = ";RD 1120 PRINT"MAGNITUDE LIMIT = ";MA 1130 PRINT"DAWES LIMIT (arc-sec) = ";DL 1140 PRINT"PRIME FOCUS SCALE (arc-sec/mm) = ";SC 1150 PRINT"20-MICRON PIXEL FOV (arc-sec) = ";PF20 1160 PRINT"NYQUIST SAMPLE FACTOR (for 20-micron pixel) = ";NY20 1170 PRINT"10-MICRON PIXEL FOV (arc-sec) = ";PF10 1180 PRINT"NYQUIST SAMPLE FACTOR (for 10-micron pixel) = ";NY10 1190 PRINT"5.6-MICRON PIXEL FOV (arc-sec) = ";PF5 1200 PRINT"NYQUIST SAMPLE FACTOR (for ~5-micron pixel) = ";NY5 1210 PRINT:INPUT"ENTER TO CONTINUE: ",ANS$: PRINT 1220 CLS 1230 PRINT" NOW ENTER FIELD DIAMETER FOR FIELD CALCULATIONS (DEG.)" 1240 INPUT" (THE DEFAULT IS 1 DEGREE. ENTER A FOR DEFAULT): ",FD 1250 IF FD<.1 THEN FD=1: REM DEFAULT FIELD DIA=1 DEG 1260 FR=FD/2: REM FIELD RADIUS (DEG) 1270 PRINT" ENTER FIELD RADIUS STEP SIZE FOR FIELD CALCULATIONS (DEG.)" 1280 INPUT" (THE DEFAULT IS .05 DEGREE. ENTER A FOR DEFAULT): ",SS 1290 IF SS<.01 THEN SS=.05: REM DEFAULT STEP SIZE=.1 DEG 1300 PRINT 1310 PRINT" ANGLE ANGLE COMA ASTIG. TOTAL " 1320 PRINT" DEGREES ARC-MIN ARC-SEC ARC-SEC ARC-SEC " 1330 PRINT" ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- " 1340 F$= " ###.### #####.# ####.### ####.### ####.### " 1350 FOR I=SS TO (FR+SS) STEP SS 1360 FA=I*(PI/Q): REM DEGREES TO RADIANS 1370 CO=(FA/(16*(FO(MX)*FO(MX))))*K: REM COMA (ARC-SEC) 1380 AS=((FA*FA)/(2*FO(MX)))*K: REM ASTIGMATISM (ARC-SEC) 1390 TA=SQR((CO*CO)+(AS*AS)): REM TOTAL ABERRATIONS 1400 AA=I*60: REM ANGLE IN ARC-MIN 1410 PRINT USING F$;I,AA,CO,AS,TA 1420 NEXT I 1430 PRINT 1440 SP=FNB((.0078/(FO(MX)*FO(MX)*FO(MX)))*K): REM SPH. AB. (ARC-SEC) 1450 REM SP=INT(1000!*SP)/1000! 1460 T1$="ABOVE IMAGE ABBERATIONS ARE FOR A PARABOLIC MIRROR IN A NEWTONIAN TELESCOPE." 1470 T2$="IF THE MIRROR IS SPHERICAL, AXIAL SPHERICAL ABERRATION IN ARC-SEC =" 1480 PRINT T1$: PRINT T2$;FNA(SP): PRINT 1490 INPUT"ENTER TO CONTINUE: ",ANS$: CLS 1500 PRINT" PHOTOGRAPHIC FIELD ABERRATIONS FOR 35 MM FILM FORMAT" 1510 PRINT" (FOR FIELD RADIUS 2 TO 18 MM, ABERRATIONS IN MICRONS)": PRINT 1520 PRINT" FILM FIELD FIELD IMAGE IMAGE IMAGE" 1530 PRINT"RADIUS RAD. RADIUS COMA ASTIG. TOTAL" 1540 PRINT" (MM) DEG. ARC-MIN MICRON MICRON MICRON" 1550 PRINT"------ ----- ------- ------ ------ ------" 1560 F$= "###.## ###.## ######.# #####.# #####.# ######.#" 1570 FOR I=2 TO 18 STEP 2: REM FIELD DIAMETER (MM) 1580 FD=(I*SC)/3600: REM FIELD DIA (DEGREES) 1590 FM=(I*SC)/60: REM FIELD DIA (ARC-MIN) 1600 FA=(I*SC)/K: REM FIELD DIA (RADIANS) 1610 CO=(FA/(16*(FO(MX)*FO(MX))))*K: REM COMA (ARC-SEC) 1620 CO=CO/SC: REM COMA (MM) 1630 CO=CO*1000: REM COMA (MICRONS) 1640 AS=((FA*FA)/(2*FO(MX)))*K: REM ASTIG. (ARC-SEC) 1650 AS=AS/SC: REM ASTIG. (MM) 1660 AS=AS*1000: REM ASTIG. (MICRONS) 1670 TA=SQR((CO*CO)+(AS*AS)): REM TOTAL ABERRATIONS 1680 PRINT USING F$;I;FD;FM;CO;AS;TA 1690 NEXT I 1700 SP=SP/SC: REM SPH. AB. (MM) 1710 SP=FNB(SP*1000): REM SPH. AB. (MICRONS) 1720 REM SP=INT(1000!*SP)/1000! 1730 PRINT 1740 PRINT" IF SPHERICAL, THEN AXIAL SPH. AB. (MICRONS) = ";SP: PRINT 1750 INPUT" ENTER TO CONTINUE: ",A$: CLS 1760 REM----------------------------- CCD DATA --------------------------------- 1770 N=10: REM # OF CCD'S IN ANALYSIS/COMPARISON FOR SELECTED TELESCOPE/CAMERA 1780 DIM MN$(N),CD$(N),XS(N),YS(N),XP(N),YP(N),XX(N),YX(N),X(N),Y(N),Z(N) 1790 REM MFG+NAME CCD CAMERA OR WEBCAM 1800 DATA " CIF CMOS 352x288 "," Veo Stingray Webcam/1 " 1810 REM XSIZE YSIZE XPIXS YPIXS XPIX YPIX X Y Z 1820 DATA 01.79, 01.34, 05.60, 05.60, 0320, 0240, 0.20, 01.40, 0.20 1830 DATA " CIF CMOS 176x144 "," Veo Stingray Webcam/2 " 1840 DATA 01.79, 01.34, 11.20, 11.20, 0160, 0120, 0.20, 01.40, 0.20 1850 DATA " TI TC211 "," ST-4 & CCD-10 " 1860 DATA 02.64, 02.64, 13.75, 16.00, 0192, 0165, 0.20, 02.20, 0.20 1870 DATA " SONY ICX098 AK "," SAC7 & Logitech QC 4000 " 1880 DATA 03.58, 02.69, 05.60, 05.60, 0640, 0480, 0.25, 02.50, 0.25 1890 DATA " SONY ICX098 BQ "," Phillips ToUCam Pro " 1900 DATA 03.58, 02.69, 05.60, 05.60, 0640, 0480, 0.25, 02.50, 0.25 1910 DATA " SONY ICX249 AK "," Starlight Xpress MX7C " 1920 DATA 06.47, 04.83, 08.60, 08.30, 0752, 0580, 0.50, 04.50, 0.50 1930 DATA " Sony Super HAD "," Meade Deep Sky Imager " 1940 DATA 04.90, 03.70, 09.60, 07.50, 0510, 0492, 0.50, 05.00, 0.50 1950 DATA " KODAK KAF-0400 "," HiSIS-22 & SBIG ST-7 " 1960 DATA 06.90, 04.60, 09.00, 09.00, 0768, 0512, 0.50, 05.00, 0.50 1970 DATA " SONY ICX038 DLA "," Astrovid 2000 " 1980 DATA 07.95, 06.45, 08.40, 09.80, 0946, 0658, 0.50, 05.50, 0.50 1990 DATA " SITe SI-003A "," AX-8 " 2000 DATA 24.60, 24.60, 24.00, 24.00, 1024, 1024, 1.00, 17.00, 2.00 2010 FOR I=1 TO N 2020 READ MN$(I),CD$(I),XS(I),YS(I),XP(I),YP(I),XX(I),YX(I),X(I),Y(I),Z(I) 2030 NEXT I 2040 PRINT: INPUT"DO YOU WISH TO VIEW THE CCD DATA (Y OR N) ";ANS$ 2050 CLS: IF ANS$="N" THEN GOTO 2180 2060 T1$="CCD MANUFACTURER, NAME, & CAMERAS/WEBCAMS USING THIS CHIP:" 2070 T2$="X-SIZE Y-SIZE X-PIX Y-PIX NO OF NO OF FOR/NEXT PARAMETERS" 2080 T3$=" MM MM MICRON MICRON X-PIX Y-PIX 'X' 'Y' 'Z' " 2090 T4$="--------------------------------------------------------------------" 2100 F1$=" & &" 2110 F2$="###.## ###.## ##.### ##.### #### #### ###.## ###.## ###.##" 2120 PRINT T1$: PRINT T2$: PRINT T3$: PRINT T4$ 2130 FOR I=1 TO N 2140 PRINT USING F1$;MN$(I);"is found in:";CD$(I) 2150 PRINT USING F2$;XS(I);YS(I);XP(I);YP(I);XX(I);YX(I);X(I);Y(I);Z(I) 2160 NEXT I 2170 INPUT"ENTER TO CONTINUE: ",ANS$ 2180 REM CONTINUE 2190 FOR J=1 TO N 2200 CLS 2210 PRINT"CCD #";J;": image aberrations w/";MN$(J);"CAMERA:";CD$(J) 2220 PRINT"CCD DATA:";XS(J);YS(J);XP(J);YP(J);XX(J);YX(J); 2230 PRINT" STEP:";X(J);Y(J);Z(J) 2240 PRINT"TELESCOPE OR CAMERA TYPE: ";S$(MX) 2250 AVGP=(XP(J)+YP(J))/2: REM AVG. PIXEL SIZE FOR 1 PIXEL FOV CALCULATION 2260 PA$=" ": REM PIXEL FOV BLANK IF NOT SET 2270 IF XP(J)=YP(J) THEN PA$=" (SQ.) ": REM PIXEL FOV IS SQUARE 2280 IF XP(J)<>YP(J) THEN PA$=" (AVG) ": REM PIXEL FOV IS AVERAGE OF X & Y 2290 FOV1=FNA((XS(J)*SC)/60):FOV2=FNA((YS(J)*SC)/60):PFOV=FNB(SC*(AVGP/1000)) 2300 PRINT"CCD FIELD OF VIEW = ";FOV1;"BY";FOV2;"ARC-MIN" 2310 PRINT"1 PIXEL FOV";PA$;"= ";PFOV;"ARC-SEC": PRINT 2320 PRINT" FIELD FIELD IMAGE IMAGE IMAGE IMAGE" 2330 PRINT" RADIUS RADIUS COMA ASTIG. TOTAL TOTAL" 2340 PRINT" MM ARC-MIN MICRONS MICRONS MICRONS PIXELS" 2350 PRINT" ------ ------- ------- ------- ------- ------" 2360 F$= " ####.# #####.## #####.## #####.## #####.## ####.##" 2370 FOR I=X(J) TO (Y(J)+.05) STEP Z(J): REM USE FOR/NEXT STEP PARAM'S 2380 FA=(I*SC)/K: REM FIELD DIA (RADIANS) 2390 FD=(I*SC)/60: REM FIELD DIA (ARC-MIN) 2400 CO=(FA/(16*(FO(MX)*FO(MX))))*K: REM COMA (ARC-SEC) 2410 CO=(CO/SC)*1000: REM COMA (MICRONS) 2420 AS=((FA*FA)/(2*FO(MX)))*K: REM ASTIG. (ARC-SEC) 2430 AS=AS/SC: REM ASTIG. (MM) 2440 AS=AS*1000: REM ASTIG. (MICRONS) 2450 TA=SQR((CO*CO)+(AS*AS)): REM TOTAL ABERRATIONS 2460 TP=FNA(TA/14.875): REM TOTAL BLUR IN PIXELS 2470 PRINT USING F$;I;FD;CO;AS;TA;TP 2480 NEXT I 2490 PRINT: INPUT"ENTER TO CONTINUE: ",ANS$ 2500 NEXT J 2510 PRINT"PROGRAM 'CCDZ.BAS' FINISHED" 2520 END 2530 REM CONTINUE ------------------- PRINT EXPLANATION ------------------------ 2540 DIM E$(21) 2550 E$(1) ="If the aberration (coma, astigmatisim, or spherical aberration is " 2560 E$(2) ="larger than Dawes limit, then it may be visible at high power and " 2570 E$(3) ="when the seeing is good. At low power, the aberration may not be " 2580 E$(4) ="obvious unless it is a few times larger than Dawes limit. " 2590 E$(5) =" " 2600 E$(6) ="When a film photo or CCD image is taken, the blur size can be much" 2610 E$(7) ="larger than Dawes limit and still give pleasing and acceptable re-" 2620 E$(8) ="sults. An image diameter of 10 to 20 microns is considered very " 2630 E$(9) ="sharp, and 50 microns is probably acceptable. If the blur circle " 2640 E$(10)="is 2 pixels or less, it is probably OK for long-exposure (deep " 2650 E$(11)="sky) imagery - BUT it should be less than 1 pixel for high resolu-" 2660 E$(12)="tion (lunar & planetary) imagery. " 2670 E$(13)=" " 2680 E$(14)="REMEMBER, this program only calculates image aberrations for New- " 2690 E$(15)="tonian telescopes with a parabolic mirror & flat secondary. The " 2700 E$(16)="computed aberrations do not apply to cameras with lenses and any " 2710 E$(17)="telescopes with curved secondaries (Cassegrains, etc.), or to any " 2720 E$(18)="telescopes with corrective optics (Schmidts, Maksutovs, etc.). " 2730 E$(19)="This program computes COMA, ASTIGMATISM, and SPHERICAL ABERRATION " 2740 E$(20)="VS. FIELD RADIUS for a parabolic mirror - & axial spherical aber- " 2750 E$(21)="ration is listed as if the parabolic mirror were a sphere instead." 2760 CLS: FOR I=1 TO 21: PRINT E$(I): NEXT I 2770 PRINT: INPUT"ENTER TO CONTINUE: ",ANS$ 2780 E$(1) =" CCD SPECS, MANUFACTURER, AND CAMERA " 2790 E$(2) =" " 2800 E$(3) =" KODAK SONY " 2810 E$(4) =" KAF-0400 ICX249AK " 2820 E$(5) ="Specification: (HiSIS 22) (MX7C) " 2830 E$(6) ="----------------------- ---------- -------- " 2840 E$(7) ="Full well capacity (e-) : 85,000 70,000 " 2850 E$(8) ="Dark current (e-/pix/s) : .5 .1 " 2860 E$(9) ="Illumination : front front " 2870 E$(10)="Peak QE (% at given nm) : 45%, 800 65%, 590 " 2880 E$(11)="Readout noise (e-) : 12 12 " 2890 E$(12)="Coeff. thermal expansion: 0.99997 " 2900 E$(13)="Operating temp (C) : -35 -30 " 2910 E$(14)="Gain (e-/ADU) : 2.3 " 2920 E$(15)="286/386 Readout time (s): 45 12 " 2930 E$(16)="Antiblooming : Y/N Y, vert. " 2940 E$(17)="Bits of precision : 14 16 " 2950 E$(18)="Source: Handbook of CCD Astro- Starlight " 2960 E$(19)=" nomy,S. Howell, 2000. Xpress " 2970 CLS: FOR I=1 TO 19: PRINT E$(I): NEXT I 2980 PRINT: INPUT"ENTER TO CONTINUE: ",ANS$: PRINT 2990 CLS: RETURN 3000 SAVE"CCDZ.BAS",A 3010 SAVE"A:CCDZ.BAS",A 3020 END